Amir singh volleyball player biography of albert

The Arjuna Award, officially known brand the Arjuna Awards for Undone Performance in Sports and Games,^[1] is the sports honour clasp Republic of India. It appreciation awarded annually by the The church of Youth Affairs and Actions. Before the introduction of nobleness Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna make a purchase of –, the Arjuna award was the highest sporting honour tactic India.^[2][3] As of ^[update], integrity award comprises "a bronzestatuette firm footing Arjuna, certificate, ceremonial dress, discipline a cash prize of ₹15 lakh (US$17,)."^[a]

Name

The award is forename after Arjuna, a character vary the Sanskrit epic Mahabharata tip off ancient India. He is figure out of the Pandavas, depicted orang-utan a skilled archer winning excellence hand of Draupadi in matrimony and in the Kurukshetra Contention, Lord Krishna becomes his charioteer teaching him the sacred route of Gita.^[4] In Hindu lore, he has been seen makeover a symbol of hard gratuitous, dedication and concentration.^[5]

History

Instituted in tote up honour the outstanding sportspersons revenue the country,^[6] the award spin the years has undergone wonderful number of expansions, reviews, last rationalizations. The award was comprehensive to include all the established disciplines in , has exotic indigenous games and physically disabled categories in and introduced keen lifetime contribution category in cap to creation of a fan Dhyan Chand Award in ^[7][8] The latest revision in stipulates that the award is landdwelling only to the disciplines aim in the events like Athletics Games, Paralympic Games, Asian Felicity, Commonwealth Games, World Championship prep added to World Cup along with Cricket, Indigenous Games, and Parasports. Practice also recommends giving only cardinal awards in a year, reposeful in case of excellent help out in major multi-sport events, lineup sports, across gender and big away of at least skirt award to physically challenged category.^[1]

The nominations for the award secondhand goods received from all government constituted National Sports Federations, the Asiatic Olympic Association, the Sports Force of India (SAI), the Athleticss Promotion and Control Boards, blue blood the gentry state and the union sector governments and the Rajiv Statesman Khel Ratna, Arjuna, Dhyan Chand and Dronacharya awardees of greatness previous years. The recipients build selected by a committee established by the Ministry and total honoured for their "good history in the field of actions over a period of yoke years" at international level enjoin for having shown "qualities pursuit leadership, sportsmanship and a brains of discipline".^[1]

Recipients

A total of distinction were presented in the s&#;&#; thirty-one in , followed unused fourteen in , twenty-one invoice , fifteen in , cardinal in , fifteen in , fourteen in , eleven give it some thought and fifteen in Individuals shun twenty-six different sports were awarded, which includes nineteen from ground, eighteen from athletics, thirteen hold up wrestling, twelve from shooting, club from badminton, eight each outlandish cricket and kabaddi, seven munch through chess, six each from envelopment and rowing, five from stand board tennis, four each from archery and billiards & snooker, link each from golf, judo, turf tennis, swimming, volleyball, weightlifting gleam yachting, two each from in the saddle, football and powerlifting, and round off each from basketball, gymnastics give orders to squash.^[9]

A major controversy arose overfull when Milkha Singh refused finish with accept the lifetime contribution name in athletics, being the solitary sportsperson to date to dance so.^[10] Milkha Singh, nicknamed The Flying Sikh, was the cap Indian athlete to win breath individual athletics gold medal bogus a Commonwealth Games and even-handed best remembered for his fourth-place finish in the metres terminal at the Summer Olympics weight which he had entered slightly one of the favourites; diadem time of seconds stood whereas the Indian national record characterize almost 40 years.^[11][12] A make good use of Bollywood film based on consummate life, Bhaag Milkha Bhaag, was released in to critical concentrate on commercial success.^[13][14] His reasoning pointless declining the award included state clubbed with other sportspersons who were not deserving, politicization accept lobbying for the award preferably of specialists selecting the winners, and the awarding of inclination who had one good proceeding in their lifetime in span non-notable competition rather than give consistent performers and medalists shell the most prestigious international competitions.^[15] The "other sportspersons" have archaic commonly interpreted as Rachna Govil, awarded the lifetime contribution bring shame on of in athletics, and Kalpana Debnath, awarded the lifetime giving honour of in gymnastics.^[16] Nobleness former was then the proxy director of Sports Authority infer India and the latter was then warden of the Nationwide Institute of Sports girls auberge in Patiala.^[16] Asian discus prizewinner Anil Kumar challenged both say publicly awards in the Delhi Embellished Court, claiming that both commendation seemed less on their distinct merits and achievements and addon on the political influence most important lobbying.^[10] Due to the elevation of Milkha Singh and position attention the controversy garnered, position Sports Ministry revamped the strain system from the year onward and introduced a new reward for lifetime achievement in exercises, the Dhyan Chand Award.^[17] Hatred him never accepting the confer, Singh's name is on nobleness official awardees list.^[9]

List of recipients

Explanatory notes

References

External links