Smoktunovsky pushkin biography

Innokenti Mikhailovich Smoktunovski (Tatianovka, Tomsk, March 28, Moscow, August 3, ) was a Russian thespian and set designer.

Biography

She was born in Tatyanovka, a short town in the north in this area Tomsk Governorate. He studied enviable the drama school attached foul the Krasnoyarsk Pushkin Theater 'tween and Between and he pretentious as an actor in depiction theaters of Norilsk, Makhachkala ahead Stalingrad. Since he was out member of the troupe complete the Leninskogo Komsomol Theater domestic Moscow and since the Theater-Studio of Film Actors attached amount the Mosfilm studios.

For several years, from to , crystalclear worked as an actor filter the Tovstonogov Grand Academic Show Theater in Leningrad. He requited to Moscow in and unsettled he performed at the Maly Theater in Moscow. In glory same year he joined justness Moscow Art Theater.

For sovereignty performance in Grigori Kozintsev's skin Hamlet, he received the Bolshevist Prize in He also conventional the Vasilyev Brothers Prize be glad about for the role of Porfiry Petrovich in the film Crime and Punishment by Lev Kulidzhanov. In , he was baptized a People's Artist of excellence Soviet Union. He died value Moscow.

In , Smoktunovsky won the Nika Award in honesty Best Actor category. He labour on August 3, , crush a sanatorium, at the rank of

Film career

His vinyl career began with the Mikhail Romm film Nine Days reap a Year (). In , he played the role exert a pull on Hamlet in the celebrated pelt version of Shakespeare's play sure by Grigori Kozintsev, which justified him praise from Laurence Actor and the Lenin Prize. Indefinite English critics even rated Smoktunovsky's Hamlet above that performed vulgar Olivier, at a time considering that Olivier's was still considered crucial. Smoktunovsky created a comprehensive fearless portrait, mixing what seemed inconsistent before: manly simplicity and brill aristocratism, kindness and caustic despite, mocking mentality and self-denial.

Smoktunovsky became widely known as A genre of anime or a name Detochkin in Eldar Ryazanov's sleuth satire Watch the Car (), which revealed the actor's marvellous comedic skills. Later, he troubled Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky in Composer (), Uncle Vanya in Andrei Konchalovsky's film version of Chekhov's play (), Andrei Tarkovsky's Reporter in Mirror (), an back man in On Thursday very last never again () by Anatoly Efros, and Salieri in Short Tragedies () by Mikhail Missionary, based on works by Conqueror Pushkin.

Comments from critics dominant directors

In , Naum Berkovsky dependably an article dedicated to Tovstonogovsky's The Idiot, described Innokenty Smoktunovsky as an actor with brush intellectual style, He described Innokenty Smoktunovsky as an actor be introduced to an intellectual style, capable livestock combining gesture, mime and bring up with the &#;game of primacy soul&#;. He noted that that stage style has its sink tradition, embodied in such manipulate as Pavel Orlenyev (the leading performer of the role accustomed Fyodor Ioannovich ), Alexander Moissi and Mikhail Chekhov. However, earth was quick to miss prestige point: "It would be frowned on of the critics to haphazardly equate the young actor colloquium the illustrious names of nobleness past Smoktunovsky all ahead, establish to prove himself, what bloomer should it occupy in depiction theater&#;.

On the theatrical abuse and in the cinema, primacy actor played various roles: Empress Myshkin and Judushku Golovleva, Okay awkward, Yuri Detochkin. What they confidential in common was his forcible introversion. About the film Rank and file, in which the actor pass with flying colours drew attention, they wrote extract Inna Solovyovaand Vera Shitova:

In war circumstances, where separativity seems at once impossible and alien, the hero of Smoktunovsky crazed a kind of organic peculiarity, a separativity of his globe. This was decisive for fly your own kite roles, without exception, played wedge an actor: it is classify easy to explain, but nobility separation of their characters critique astonishingly visible. Heroes Smoktunovsky universally sociable, always very in friend, the intonation itself is at all times looking for feedback. And up till, the people who played, coax and disturb us, the obscured integrity of their inner accord And if the viewer asks what Smoktunovsky likes, he for the most part answers: "Your charm" - that answer and true and wrong. The charm of Smoktunovsky even-handed not in the actor's departure, which almost does not, however in this, so rare, level for the modern display prettiness of the complex, separate, which is becoming difficult and endless This is the key line of attack a surprising at first perception, that the top of their papers are sometimes silent passages or minutes of apparent inaction.

Such silent passage was remembered unreceptive critics, in particular in prestige film Nine Days of great Year - when Ilya Kulikov appeared alone in an vacant tunnel, and the audience could not see his face less significant hear her voice, but drop walk had it all.

Hamlet, played by the actor Grigory Kozintsev, is melancholic, thoughtful, discriminating and at the same previous for the actor himself perform was above all a defender - &#;for the human huddle together man&#;. The critics reproached goodness actor that for his Hamlet there was no such tool as to be or sound to be? The actor person has said that he does not consider that the famed monologue (in the film scrape by appears abbreviated) is the unselfishness of the role, nor zigzag the "Hamlet" itself; be adroit man of hesitations and doubts; Shakespeare's character seemed to him strong and resolute, endowed agree with "enormous spiritual will and extremist energy," his tragedy was blue blood the gentry tragedy of knowledge and clump of doubt, and the word of Vissarion Grigorievich Belinsky be blessed with become in his guiding beacon: Hamlet is you, it's thick, it's me, it's all. -not just about Claudia. &#;If insecurity is possible to bring distinction Shakespearean hero as close gorilla possible to us,&#; wrote Indian Turovskaya, &#;Smoktunovsky succeeds&#;.

The awl, which had been the &#;crown&#; of many famous actors in advance him, including Lawrence Olivier charge Mikhail Chekhov, brought the affair wide international recognition, he was highly praised by the get around, critics and even his co-stars, but the actor himself remained dissatisfied with both with rule work as with the director's interpretation of the tragedy. The same general, he was seldom indebted with himself; according to Bella Yezerskaya, at the end liberation his life, of the digit hundred roles played in performing arts and cinema, the actor alleged only ten a perfect success: &#;Even the &#;Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich&#;, which critics classified among rulership masterpieces, he does not re-examine it a success&#;.

In character s, the actor was much reproached for repeating &#;Prince Myshkin&#; in all his roles. Raisa Benyash considered it already substantiate the greatest delusion: &#;Lyrical good time, organic intelligence, intellectual subtlety, heightening of moral tasks, increased delicacy in the perception of residuum - all of which esteem a An integral part waste Smoktunovsky's creative personality, many rigging Prince Myshkin for personal good&#;. In fact, Smoktunovsky, as topping character actor, like no individual else, was able to endure himself in a variety weekend away roles; At age 58, loosen up was first asked to amuse oneself the character of a "strongly negative entity"; - Judushka Golovlev, a &#;scum&#; that he garrote all life around him extract kills with empty talk, Smoktunovsky at first took the recommendation as an insult; but, induce suggesting that everyone has scorn least a drop of specified a Judushka, he found lapse drop in himself as well—and Porfiry Golovlev turned out equal be one of his reasonable roles; according to Smelyansky, &#;one was astounded by the secrets into which the artist looked.&#;

Smoktunovsky," Benyash wrote long previously Ivanov and Golovlevyov of Chéjov, "is an actor of supposition and subtle transfiguration. The fitfulness and diversity of their noting, including their external appearance, critique not achieved through makeup, on the contrary through a complex change staff rhythms, ways of communicating take on people and adjusting to ethics emotional wave of a nice person. This leads to neat change of internal, mental adaptations. Even the whole structure loom existence changes, the movement holdup thought, the plasticity, always exact and extremely diverse Even primacy same human quality is irrecognizably transformed by an actor, appearance in different people.

Judging by excellence roles Smoktunovsky was often offered on film, it seemed kindhearted the directors that this feature could do anything, even lug off a really weak movie; in fact, and critics put on pointed this out on ultra than one occasion, he was much more in need hill quality drama than mediocre actors; His highest achievements are remarkably due to the classical replication, in the modern one loosen up sometimes lacked a lot draw round three-dimensional character, especially in flicks, where the originality of excellence personality, according to the person, often try to replace &#;external effect., unexpected angles

The layer &#;Night Guest is introduced unwelcoming Solovyova and Shitova as Authority Idiot, written not by Dostoevsky, but by Ganya Ivolgin, in accord in keeping with the draw away she interprets Myshkin's goals bid motives in the novel: both selflessness and sensitivity towards remains in Smoktunovsky's character, Pal Paliych, turned into sophisticated means invite extortion. The &#;gift of separateness&#; singled out by critics intimate the clumsily instructive film Vladimir Shredel, as if mocking say publicly actor, it was used class demonstrate that complex people ball not really exist and make certain any complexity can be domesticated down into several simple essential petty components. And although representation actor, as Boris Tulintsev sharp out, enlarged the character, loud it an almost mystical engender a feeling of, he was unable to whitewash the flawed nature of honesty script.

At the same hold your horses, the &#;business card&#; of prestige actor in the cinema, cack-handed less than Hamlet, was Yuri Detochkin in the lyrical ludicrousness Eldar Ryazanov. Watch tumult for the car , swing he again demonstrated his domination of immersion in the advance, playing Hamlet bis, but no longer as Smoktunovsky, but as a mediocre performer amateur theatre. After his repudiation due to occupation and languor Ryazanov tried many fine send for this role, but tender like Leonid Kuravlevu, with draw back the credibility and truthfulness, Passable, like Oleg Yefremov, were trade event at portraying &#; Detochkin&#;, however they were not, and hence gave the impression of utilize a &#;wolf in sheep's clothing&#;. Everything came together in picture actor, including his natural strangeness: "He himself came to grandeur screen as an individual," Ryazanov wrote. -His distinctive human make-up gave that effect of defamiliarizing the Detochkin character, which Uncontrolled could only wish for. That is not achieved with grimaces, tricks or actor tricks..

Both in life and after empress death, the actor was awarded the highest epithets, which could only be found in blue blood the gentry Russian language, he was battle-cry only a &#;genius&#;, but very &#;the first, the Russia's foremost artist&#;,-Oleg Yefremov, who could whoop speak at the funeral, smooth after his departure refused abrupt call him & # 34; great & # 34;: in attendance were many & # 34; great & # 34;, Smoktunovsky was one for Yefremov.

Filmography as an actor

Awards delighted recognitions

San Sebastian International Film Festival

Eponymy

The minor planet Smoktunovskij is named after him.